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Agriculture

Cattle Record Keeping

Track your cattle herd and calculate farm profitability. Enter herd size, milk production, beef sales, feed, vet, and labor costs — get monthly and annual profit for dairy, beef, or mixed farms instantly.

Monthly Summary

Herd Size
18 animals
Total cattle on farm
Monthly Revenue
₹1,72,500
150 L milk/day
Monthly Costs
₹60,750
Feed + Vet + Labor
Monthly Profit
₹1,11,750
₹13,41,000/year
Milk revenue / month:₹1,57,500
Feed cost / month:₹45,000
Vet cost / month:₹750
Labor cost / month:₹15,000
Annual profit:₹13,41,000
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Why Keep Cattle Farm Records?

Systematic cattle record keeping is the difference between a profitable farm and one that looks busy but loses money. Records help you identify which animals produce the most, track whether feed costs are eating your margins, and plan herd expansions with real numbers instead of guesswork.

Key Records Every Cattle Farm Needs

Record TypeWhat to TrackWhy It Matters
Herd registerAnimal ID, breed, age, sex, date acquiredInventory control, insurance, compliance
Milk productionLitres per cow per day, monthly totalsIdentify top/low producers, calculate revenue
Feed consumptionKg feed per animal per month, feed costLargest expense — key to margin management
Health & vetVaccination dates, illnesses, vet costsDisease control, government subsidy claims
Cattle sales/purchasesAnimal, weight, price, buyer/sellerIncome tracking, herd performance over time
ReproductionBreeding dates, calving, calf mortalityCalving interval, lifetime productivity

Cattle Farm Profit Formula

# Monthly dairy revenue
Milk Revenue = No. of Cows × Litres/Day × 30 × Milk Price (₹/L)
# Monthly costs
Feed Cost = Total Animals × Feed Cost per Animal per Month
Vet Cost = Total Animals × Annual Vet Cost ÷ 12
# Monthly profit
Profit = (Milk + Beef Revenue) − (Feed + Vet + Labor)

Typical Cattle Farm Benchmarks (India)

MetricDairy FarmBeef / Mixed Farm
Milk yield (crossbred)12–20 L/cow/day
Milk price₹30–40/L
Feed cost₹2,000–3,500/animal/month₹1,500–2,500/animal/month
Vet cost₹400–700/animal/year₹300–500/animal/year
Sell weight (beef)250–400 kg
Sell price (live wt.)₹130–180/kg

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I keep records for cattle?

Good cattle records should cover herd composition (number of cows, bulls, heifers, calves), milk production for dairy farms, cattle sold per year with weight and price, monthly feed costs per animal, veterinary expenses, and labor costs. Our calculator lets you enter all these details and instantly shows your monthly and annual profit.

How many litres of milk does a cow produce per day?

A typical Indian crossbred cow (HF/Jersey cross) produces 10–20 litres per day. High-yielding Holstein Friesian cows can produce 25–35 litres/day. Indigenous breeds like Gir or Sahiwal give 8–15 litres/day. The national average in India is about 7–8 litres/day. Our calculator defaults to 15 litres/day for a crossbred herd.

What is the average profit from a dairy farm in India?

For a 10-cow dairy farm selling milk at ₹35/litre, with each cow producing 15 litres/day, monthly milk revenue is about ₹1,57,500. After feed (₹2,500/animal/month = ₹25,000), vet (₹500/animal/year ≈ ₹417/month), and one full-time laborer (₹15,000/month), net profit is roughly ₹1,17,000/month or ₹14 lakh/year. Actual results vary by herd quality and local prices.

How much feed does a cow eat per day?

A lactating dairy cow needs 2.5–3 kg of dry matter per 100 kg of body weight. A 400 kg cow eating 12 kg dry matter needs roughly 50–60 kg of green fodder or 8–10 kg of dry fodder plus 3–4 kg of concentrate feed. Monthly feed cost in India typically ranges from ₹2,000–₹3,500 per animal depending on fodder availability and concentrate prices.

What records should a beef cattle farm maintain?

Beef cattle records should include: purchase weight and date for each animal, monthly weight gains, feed consumed, vaccination dates and vet bills, and final sale weight and price. Key performance indicators are average daily gain (target 0.8–1.2 kg/day for crossbreds), feed conversion ratio, and cost per kg of gain. Our calculator estimates annual revenue from cattle sales based on number sold, average weight, and price per kg.

How profitable is cattle farming?

Profitability depends heavily on herd type and scale. Dairy farming with 10 milking cows at ₹35/litre typically yields ₹10–15 lakh/year net profit. Beef/bullock farming is less predictable — buy young animals at ₹20,000, fatten for 12–18 months, sell at 300+ kg for ₹45,000+, netting ₹8,000–15,000 per animal after feed and vet costs. Mixed farms often perform better by diversifying income.

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